One thing that most enthusiasts love about fountain pens is the ability to customize your pen for your writing style and aesthetic preferences. Whether it’s having a custom pen turned from a favorite material, in a shape that’s the perfect size for your hand, or a nib ground to showcase your own style of handwriting, the options are essentially limitless. At the same time, the idea of physically pulling the nib and feed out of your fountain pen and putting it back together again intimidates many people, even seasoned users who have written with fountain pens for years. There’s no reason to be afraid. While changing nibs on your own does merit a degree of caution (just like disassembling a pen for cleaning or filling from an ink bottle), it’s something that most fountain pen users can do without risk of seriously damaging their pen. Today I plan to walk through a few different options, ranging from easily swappable pre-assembled nib units to more complex modifications.
When changing nibs (or doing any sort of pen-related maintenance), I typically like to work on a towel or other soft/grippy surface to keep pens and loose parts from rolling off the table.
Getting Started: Create Your Workspace
Necessary precautions are minimal. Basically, you need a well-lit workspace with a towel or other no-roll surface to hold your pens and nibs. The number-one danger when performing any sort of work or maintenance on fountain pens is dropping a pen onto the floor and cracking the pen barrel and/or bending the nib, so make sure your pens are secure. I typically unroll a towel onto a sink or standing desk and use that as my work surface.
Swapping out interchangeable nib units (discussed further below) doesn’t require any special tools. Otherwise, you will likely need a square of rubber to help grip the nib and feed, and possibly a loupe or other magnifier to align nib tines.
Franklin-Christoph fountain pens use JoWo nibs, so it’s easy to amass a large collection of custom-ground F-C nib units that you can swap between all of your JoWo-compatible pens.
Easy: JoWo, Bock, and TWSBI Interchangeable Nib Units
These days, the majority of pen makers no longer manufacture their own nibs in-house, and instead purchase nibs from third-party companies JoWo, Bock, and to a lesser degree, Schmidt (though I find Schmidt nibs excellent and don’t know why they’re not more widely used). While some people complain about monotony and the lack of expressiveness in how these modern nibs write, there is one key advantage to this uniformity: interchangeability. Many, if not most, pens that accept standard JoWo or Bock nibs use a default nib unit (i.e., a nib and feed seated in a threaded housing) that can easily be unscrewed and used in another compatible pen. Once you start custom-grinding these nib units or gather the range of nib sizes, it becomes a very versatile platform that can allow you to thoroughly enjoy your pen collection.
The process for swapping out a JoWo or Bock compatible nib unit is mostly the same between brands. Gently grasp the nib and feed and turn counter-clockwise to unscrew the unit.
The process itself is simple. First, if the pen you are working on is a cartridge-converter model, remove the converter. Then, gently grasp the nib and feed and turn the nib unit counter-clockwise to remove it. Select your new nib unit, insert it into the section, and rotate clockwise until secure. Do not overtighten, as this can misalign the tines of the nib, at best, and cause stress damage to the nib housing, at worst, in which case you will need a replacement.
Opus 88 pens, which are Japanese-style eyedroppers, add one slight wrinkle to the process. There is a small o-ring attached to the bottom of the nib unit housing. If replacing with a non-Opus nib unit, don’t forget to transfer the o-ring as well. It sits on the plastic “stem” and is easily removable.
TWSBI nib units are slightly different, though still simple. On the TWSBI Diamond 580, you simply unscrew the front section of the pen and slide the nib unit out of the plastic cover (shown here in red but clear on most current 580 models). Insert your new nib unit and reassemble. Because TWSBI sells spare nib units for the express purpose of allowing you to easily switch nibs between pens, you don’t have to worry about voiding your manufacturer’s warranty or otherwise causing unintended damage. I own several spare TWSBI nibs, some of which have been custom ground to specialty nibs such as architects.
Editor’s Note: There has been a lot of press recently about a manufacturing defect that has caused cracks in JoWo nib housings. While I’ve been lucky and have not yet found the issue in any of my personal pens, JoWo has released a series of announcements discussing how they plan to fix the problem. If you have been inspecting your JoWo nib units and discover cracks, please reach out to Meister Nibs, the U.S. JoWo distributor.
Intermediate: Pulling and Setting Friction-Fit Nibs
But what about pens that don’t use interchangeable nib units? Well, the nibs on those pens are, for the most part, equally “swappable” and the process is no more mechanically complex than taking a small square of rubber or other grippy material, grasping the nib and feed, and pulling both out of the front end of the pen’s section using a steady motion. You replace a nib the same way, though you need to be pay attention when reinserting the nib and feed as some pens have grooves or “guides” that determine exactly how the nib is supposed to fit.
The nibs on some pens, especially those with proprietary in-house nibs like this Platinum 3776, do not come in a housing, meaning that the nib and feed sit directly inside the custom section.
So why do I have this categorized as requiring an “intermediate” skill level? Honestly, it’s more about confidence than skill. Sometimes, things don’t go 100% as expected. Old ink residue may cause the nib and feed to get stuck in the section, and you may find yourself having to pull fairly hard or jiggle the nib a bit (gently!) to dislodge it from the pen. Any time you apply force, you run some risk of misaligning the nib tines or cracking the feed. Changing friction-fit nibs properly requires some patience, a willingness to engage in a bit of trial-and-error, and an “intermediate” understanding of how fountain pens work. Finally, keep in mind that if your pen breaks and you can’t fix it on your own, the manufacturer might consider removing or swapping the nib on a pen without an interchangeable nib unit to be a “modification” that voids your warranty. That’s not to say that you won’t be able to find someone who can fix the pen, but you will likely have to pay for it.
From the top: Platinum 3776 UEF in Schon Black Ultem, via Flexible Nib Factory JoWo housing; Pilot PO Nib in Newton Shinobi, via same housing; Platinum 3776 in an Opus 88 Jazz, via same housing.
Expert: Custom Nib Housings for Maximum Pen Hacking
The last topic I plan to discuss combines the two techniques discussed above in a manner that allows you to create your own custom nib units. Flexible Nib Factory sells custom nib housings designed to pair proprietary nibs and feeds (i.e. Platinum, Pilot, Pelikan, Sailor, etc.) with JoWo and Bock-compatible pens. For example, I pulled a friction-fit medium 14k Platinum nib from a standard Platinum 3776 fountain pen, and inserted both the nib and feed into a JoWo-compatible Flexible Nib Factory housing, which I then seated in an Opus 88 Jazz. The one drawback is that these custom housings won’t accept a converter, so you will need to use a piston filler, eyedropper, or bulkfiller-style (i.e. Conid) pen. Opus 88 pens work great for these types of modifications, though with certain brands like Platinum you may have to trim the plastic end on the back of the feed in order to allow the Japanese-style eyedropper system to close.
A nib unit disassembled. Using Flexible Nib Factory housings, you can pull, for example, a nib and feed from a Platinum 3776 and insert it into the custom housing designed to fit a JoWo or Bock pen. It’s less complex than it looks.
A word of caution: customizing fountain pens in this way is addictive. Since building my FrankenJazz, I’ve also moved another Platinum 14k UEF (Ultra Extra-Fine) nib and a Pilot PO (Posting) nib into JoWo housings, which are now in a Schon Black Ultem and Shawn Newton Shinobi. I’m eyeing several other nibs in my collection that don’t get much use in their current setup…
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